A
Brief History of the Philippine Textile Industry
Jorge
B. Delarmente, Jr.
ABSTRACT
A
chronological presentation of the growth and decline of
the Philippine textile Industry. The paper discussed the
events that led to the establishment of the textile
mills including pioneers of the industry, also factors
that have been contributed to the industry's present
status. As part of the textile industry, ramie industry
was discussed and insights on the growth and decline of
the country's ramie industry were given. It also
included the passing of Republic Act 4086 that resulted
in the creation of the Philippine Textile Research
Institute (PTRI) which is presently under the Department
of Science and Technology (DOST).
Productivity
of Re-used Male Moths of B. mori
Arnold
M. Inumpa and Zoraida R. Espiritu
ABSTRACT
Productivity
of male moths that were used repeatedly was studied at
the Philippine Textile Research Institute Technology
Center in La Trinidad, Benguet from March to December
1999. Male moths of the four existing parental races
of silkworms, J102, C102, N144 and C144 were used in
the study. The study aimed to determine how many times
a male moth can mate and how long these moths should
mate per female partner for optimum productivity. The
study showed that a male moth can mate up to four
females. However, the mating duration should be
varied; three to four hours for the first and second
mating and five hours for the third and fourth mating.
The study proved that the rate of fertilization as
well as the hatchability of the eggs sired were
optimum during the first and second mating that lasted
up to four hours. On the other hand, the same
parameters were adversely affected when the male moths
were used four times and for the same duration of up
to four hours. The study recommended that males should
be allowed to mate only two females for three to four
hours each. Should a third or fourth mating be
inevitable, the mating time must be extended up to
five hours for optimum productivity.
Determination
of the Inductive/Constitutive Property of a Tobias
Acid-Degrading Enzyme
Maria
Trisette Elma Caliwara and Takashi Ohmoto
ABSTRACT
In the
metabolism of tobias acid by Pseudomonas sp.
TA-2, tHBP hydratase-aldolase is one of the
metabolic enzymes produced. Chromatographic separation
revealed 3 types of the aldolase enzyme. Two were
already previously identified as aldolase a and
aldolase b while the other could not be initially
identified.
This
study attempts to check the presence of the third
enzyme and to determine the inductive or constitutive
property of the enzymes using succinate as another
substrate for the cell organism. Succinate confirmed
the presence of the third enzymes but the result was
not enough to determine its identity. On the other
hand, since both aldolase a and aldolase b were
produced from tobias acid and succinate, they were
concluded to be constitutive.
Utilization
of Sericulture Wastes Roberto
O. Casero
ABSTRACT
The
three phases in the process of silk production that is
known as sericulture was presented. These sericulture
technologies consisting of moriculture, cocoon
production and filature or silk reeling were described
with the kind of wastes each generates.
Tha
particular wastes that each process generates were
listed and corresponding uses were given including the
by-products that could be made.
Also
presented in the papers is the present status of
PTRI's R & D on Silk Utilization.
Textile
Value of "Yucca" Dracaena sp. Fiber
Part II
Stela
Marie C. Hagad
ABSTRACT
Initiative
on exploring further the Yucca (Dracaena sp.) fiber
is based on the initial report of its textile value.
Assessment made indicated its high potential as a
possible new source of natural fiber for textile use.
Different
pretreatment conditions in a laboratory scale were
carried out to establish the optimum condition
appropriate for the fiber to yield a satisfactory lot
of pretreated-fibers. Fibers were subjected separately
to three alkali concentrations of 5%, 6% and 7% at an
exposure time of 1 and 2 hour boiling. The fibers were
then assessed based on residual gum content, tensile
strength and fiber fineness.
The
optimized process consisted of steeping the fiber in
0.05% wetting agent for 1 hour followed by boiling for
2 hours with 6% alkali concentration and 0.5%
anti-oxidant at a fiber to liquor ratio of 1:20, and
soaking in 2% acid solution to neutralize the fibers.
The
treated fiber showed a reduction of about 76.5% of
gums and yielded a finer fiber of 1.5 times the raw.
The tensile strength of the fiber did not alter much
but the relative strength (strength to fineness ratio)
of the fiber increased by 50% due to the finer yield
of fiber after treatment.
The
fibers in blend with polyester (PE) were spun using a
miniature cotton spinning equipment to give an
indicative behavior of the spinnability of
fiber. Relatively, the experimental fiber blends
performed well as to the tenacity and yarn count
are concerned in comparison with existing fiber blends
of PE/Abaca, PE/Banana and PE/Pineapple. However, as
efficiency rating in terms of percent fiber waste is
below the norm, other spinning systems need to be
explored to give a better yield of fiber and finer
count of yarns.
Comparative
Study on Cocoon Characters of F1 Single Cross Hybrid
and F1 Double Cross Hybrid of Silkworm, (BombyxmoriLinn) Zita
L. Sanchez, Patria G. Balanay, Serenita S. Ompoy and
Adelfa M. Basaen
ABSTRACT
The
study was conducted to evaluate the cocoon characters
of F1 single cross hybrid, MO14 x KL81 and F1 double
cross hybrid, MO20/14 x KL81/51 of silkworm, Bombyx
mori Linn. Specifically, it aimed to (1) quantity
and compare the cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon
shell weight, cocoon shell percentage, filament length
and filament size and (2) determine the color, shape
and quality of cocoon.
Three
batches each of Japanese pureline parent (KL81) and
Chinese pureline parent (MO14) races were reared to
produce single cross hybrid MO14 x KL81 and its
reciprocal, KL81 x MO14. While another three batches
each of the Japanese hybrid parent (KL81xKL51) and
Chinese hybrid parent (MO20xMO14) were simultaneously
reared to produce double cross hybrids, MO20/14 x
KL81/51 and its reciprocal, KL81/51 x MO20/14.
Results
showed that the cocoon yield, single cocoon weight,
cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, filament
length and filament size between single and double
cross hybrids had no significant differences. It was
therefore concluded in this study that double cross
hybrids MO20/14 x KL81/51 and its reciprocal are not
superior to and have the same quality with single
cross hybrids MO14 x KL81 and its reciprocal in terms
of cocoon properties.
