Egg laying Performance of Cold Stored Chinese
(C102)
Female Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Moth
Fermin O. Bayeng,
Arnold M. Inumpa, Zoraida R. Espiritu and Paul
M. Bacuso
ABSTRACT
The
effect of cold storage duration of Chinese, C102, female
moth on egg laying performance was studied. The moths
were stored at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours before
they were mated with Japanese, J102, male moths. Results
revealed that Chinese, C102, female moths cold stored at
5oC from 24 to 96 hours yielded the most number of eggs
fertilized and laid, and that extended duration of 120
to 144 hours produced the least number of eggs
fertilized and laid and yielded the most number of unlaid eggs, unfertilized eggs and dead eggs. Thus, it
is recommended that if non-synchronization occurs,
Chinese, C102, female moths may be stored at 5oC for 24
to 96 hours while awaiting for male moths for copulation.
Properties of S2 Grade Fiber from Twelve
Commercial Abaca Varieties
Stela Marie C. Hagad
ABSTRACT
The study was undertaken on S2 grade fiber from twelve
commercial abaca varieties obtained from the Fiber
Industry Development Authority that were subjected
to the Philippine Textile Research Institute's
(PTRI) established pretreatment process for abaca
intended for textile processing. It aimed to assess
the influence of varietal differences and the
differences among the fiber sections on the gum
content, tensile strength and fineness of the
treated fibers that were divided into top, middle
and bottom sections.
Results on the treated fibers revealed that there
are significant differences in all fiber properties
considered among the three sections within the same
variety and across abaca varieties. Maguino variety
showed parity in the residual gum and fineness
properties for all its fiber sections. Itolaus
variety, on the other hand, yielded the finest
fiber. Statistical analysis revealed that for all
their fiber sections, Maguindanao Black and
Bongolanon varieties, have comparable fiber
fineness. The varieties that can be grouped together
to give a narrow range of variability in fineness
are Bongolanon, Maguindanao Black and Inosa;
Tinawagang Puti and Itolaus; Linawaan and Laylay
varieties.
Effective Alkaline Solution for Silkworm Egg Glue
Removal
Arnold M. Inumpa,
Zoraida R. Espiritu, Fermin O. Bayeng and Paul M.
Bacuso
ABSTRACT
A study
aimed to determine locally available alkaline
solutions for silkworm egg glue removal was
conducted. The study tested sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl),
calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) and
potassium hydroxide (KOH) in ten concentration
levels, from 1,000 to 10,000 ppm. The test eggs were
soaked in the respective solutions for 10 minutes,
washed, acid treated and incubated to hatch for
assessment.
On the basis of percentage hatchability, percentage
brushed worms and dead eggs, the study revealed that
NaOCl, Ca(OCl)2 and KOH at 5,000 ppm can
be safely used to dissipate silkworm egg glue.
Treatment of Industrial Wastewater by Chemical
Coagulation Roselle L. Martonito and Elvira T. Tumlos
ABSTRACT
The use of guar gum, alum,
and ferric chloride as well as their combinations
was investigated to treat synthetic and textile
industry wastewater. The treatments involved the
addition of different concentrations of guar gum and
varying ratios of guar gum:alum and guar gum:ferric
chloride. The speed and duration of stirring as well
as the settling time of the coagulation process were
constant in all treatments. Coagulants were added to
the synthetic wastewater to assess their effectivity
in reducing turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS),
and chemical oxygen demand (COD), as well as in
maintaining the pH to meet the prescribed regulatory
effluent standards of the Department of Environment
and Natural Resources (DENR).
Results showed that the two best combinations were
T1 (50:50 guar:alum) and T4 (80:20 guar:alum). T1
reduced turbidity and TSS by 74.4% and 92.4%,
respectively. T4 reduced turbidity by 84.2% and TSS
by 83.3%. The COD level increased and the wastewater
became more acidic after both treatments.
Using T1 and T4 to treat the textile wastewater, the
former was found to be more effective. Turbidity and
TSS were reduced by 77.7% and 60.0% with T1, but
only by 63.1% and 40% with T4. COD increased while
the pH slightly decreased. After two hours of
aeration, COD level was reduced but not to the level
within the regulatory standards. Except for COD, all
the parameters were within the prescribed regulatory
effluent standards.
Quick and Less Hazardous Elution Programs
for Carcinogenic Amines from Azo Dyes Marina V.
Reconose and Daisy C. Lopez
ABSTRACT
Neat methanol (MeOH) and MeOH:H2O (7:3)
have been reported as suitable eluants for quick
screening by high performance liquid chromatography
of the eight carcinogenic amines from azo dyes. This
paper covers 11 standard amines eluted with neat
MeOH, MeOH:H2O (7:3, 6:4), acetonitrile
(CH3CN), and buffer solution using
isocratic and gradient techniques. Results showed
that for the 11 amines considered (a) isocratic
elution with MeOH:H2O [7:3] is the most
suitable eluant for quick screening, (b) the less
hazardous MeOH/Buf [15/80] is suitable for
preliminary identification of amines that overlap at
MeOH:H2O
[7:3], (c) CH3CN/Buf [28/28/60/60]t55 is
the best elution program, and (d) the toxic CH3CN
should be used only when Amn13 and Amn22 are
suspected to be present.
